Tiɣra tilemt

ⵜⵉⵖⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵎⵜ

Tiγra tilⴻmt: e

« e »,  ilem – d isem-is i d awal-is – maci d tiγri yeččuren (am : a, u, i), ur tesɛa azal i sɛant tiyaḍ ; meḥsub ma yura yiwen, d amedya, « ɛiwen » neγ « ɛiwn », « aweḍ » neγ «awḍ », … awalen-a kif kif-iten. Acuγer ihi i nettaru e ? Acku yessifsus taγuri n wawalen. Kra n yimedyaten : ens, ẓer, γer, iteddu, siwel, tameṭṭut, Leqbayel, izem, azwel, ….

GM :

1-    Ur jju nettaru "e" g tgara n tguri neγ awal ; am zun tutlayt tafṛanṣiṣt.

ur nettaru tamaziγte;maca ar nettaru tamaziγt

2- da ttili tiγra tilmet deg tizwara n  yimyagen sinsekkil (=gis snat tergalin g ufeggag nnes)  :

–     at snat n tergalin am : ens, enz, erẓ, ers, efk, …

– yiwet tergalt s tusseda am : ečč, ekk,  ….

3- da ttili daγ g wawal neγ taguri g llant kraṭ (3) tergalin mḍefrent , yiwet deffir tayḍ.

– ikeččem inger tis 2 d tis 3, ig gant tergalin ad tiḥerfiyin:

« azwl » = azwel ; « ẓwr » = ẓwer ; …

– ikeččem inger tamezwarut d tis snat, ig tga tergalt tis snat d tussid.

 Amedya : « tamṭṭut » = tameṭṭut ; « tazmmurt » = tazemmurt ; « tanmmirt » = tanemmirt ; « mmt » = mmet ; « mmγ » = mmeγ, …

4. ḍaṛt "e" da ttilint snat n tergalin neγ ; yiwet n tergalt, maca tussid.

– snat n tergalin : areḥwi, arezqi, amedya, awezγi, aweqwaq, aqewqaw, imeγri, ...

– targalt tussidt : tamellalt, tameṭṭut, tameddurt, tazemmurt, tanemmirt, taremmant, …

Tiɣra n yilem "e" akked d:

Wid ur nuγ ara tanumi ttarun tamaziɣt, ur semgiriden  « a » akked « e ». D amedya, ttarun : (i) « Rabbi » deg wadeg n « Rebbi » ; (ii) « nnaγ » deg wadeg « nneγ », … Ihi, deg waddad (i) d tuccḍa n tira (acku « Rabbi » akked « Rebbi » d yiwen n wawal); deg (ii) d sin n wawalen akka !!! D amedya : 

nnaɣ yid-s akked argaz-nneɣ ulac-it (deg tefyirt tamezwarut nnaɣ d amyag, deg tis snat nneɣ d awsil n yisem).

5- Deg waddad amaruz n yism issentin s teγri «i » deg wunti asuf ; i ḍefṛent it snat (2) tergalin.

I a sen nernu azgen aγri «y » d tiγra tilemt «e ».

“I” ad yuγal d « y+e=ye »

Amedya:

itri  == » yetri  ; iga am yetri

iṛẓi  ==»  yeṛẓi  ; yejuğğeg yerẓi s izemran is

ur nettaru “asmmiḍ” ==» nettaru : “asemmiḍ”

Ur nettaru “ittddu” ==» nettaru: “itteddu”

Isenfluln inu: 1 ) Tamazgha Flore : https://imghayn.blogspot.com/ 2) lmed tamaziɣt : https://sites.google.com/view/lmedtamazight https://tamazight-inw.blogspot.com/ 3) ⵍⵎⴻⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ : https://sites.google.com/view/lmed-tamazight  4) Apprendre tamazight  : https://sites.google.com/site/apprendretamazight

ⵥ ⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ / aɣul s tasna n usnubg ...

Anawn n twinas

Anawn n twinas/ ⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⴰⵙ

Tazwart :

Llan mennaw wanawn n twinas g tutlayt tamaziɣt, zun d tawinest tanamyagt; taseqsayt; tanaḍt, taramyagt; tasemmadt ...atg

A- Anawen n twinas g tutlayt tamaziɣt;  أنواع الجمل في اللغة الأمازيغية :

- Tawinest taseqsayt ; الجملة الإستفهامية

- Tawinest tanaḍant (tanaḍt ); الجملة الأمرية

- Tawinest tanalawt ; الجملة المثبتة

- Tawinest tanabawt ; الجملة المنفية

- Tawinest taramyagt ; الجملة الإسمية

- Tawinest tanamyagt (tamyagant) ; الجملة الفعلية

- Tawinest tanaẓaft ; الجملة التعجبية

- Tawinest tafadant ; الجملة الشرطية

- Tawinest tuddist ; الجملة المركبة

- Tawinst tasemmadt (phrase complétive);  جملة متممة

1 - Tawinst taseqsayt (phrase interrogative جملة إستفهامية)

da tseqsa xef kra n unγmis. aseqsi ad, izmer ad ig amatu neγ anaful. tettesmad s tmatart n useqsi (?).

 11) aseqsi amatu

 ar d ittawi useqsi amatu xf twinest maṛṛa. da nakka anaw n useqsi ad s "is" niγ "ma". tamrarut nnes, da tettili s "yah" niγ "uhu".

 Imedyatn:

 idda unelmad s tineml.

 is idda unelmad s tineml?

 ma idda unelmad s tineml?

idda d Baba ?

is d idda Baba ?

 12) aseqsi anaful

 da d ittawi usqsi anaful γas xf yan ufeṛḍiṣ n twinest am:

     121-asqsi anaful xef umeggay

ameggay" niγ "asemmud" niγ "akud" niγ "adγar" niγ "amamk".

 iṛḍel unelmad adlis i imeddukʷal nnes.

   wi iṛḍel adlis i imeddukʷal nnes?

   ma iṛḍeln adlis i  imeddukʷal nnes?

       122 - asqsi anaful xef usemmud

  a iṛḍel unlemad adlis i imeddukʷal nnes.

  y iṛḍeln adlis i imeddukʷal nnes?

  min iṛḍel unlemad i imeddukʷal nnes?

  ma iṛḍel unlemad i  imeddukʷal nnes?

  ma y iṛḍel unlemad i imeddukʷal nnes?

       123 - asqsi anaful xf umamk

  ḥma ad nssenjm izm n waṭṭlaṣ, iqqan d ad edder g tagant.

 mamc γa negg ḥma ad nssenjm izm n waṭṭlaṣ ?

 mamk rad nssekr afad ad nssenjm izm n waṭṭlaṣ?

 mamc da negg ḥma ad nssenjm izm n waṭṭlaṣ?

   13) Aseqsi afulan (partielle):

 mantur ayd teggant ?

  milmi trit tawada ?

 B - Tibawt n twinest taseqsayt

tawnaɣt / schéma:

Is / Ma / Mayd / Mani / Managu / Ma ɣef / Mneck + ur + ...

Imedyaten:

Mneck atig n udlis ad  ? 

Is ur igi gma-k ? 

Mayd as tennit ?

Managu ur ifti ? 

Mani g illi ? 

Ma ur iddin ?

Ma ɣef ur ifti ? 

  2 - Tawinst tanaḍt (impérative, جملة أمرية):

A -

Tawnaɣt / schéma:

Amyag g wanaḍ + Isem

da takka tanaḍt niɣ ageddul niɣ asmigl niɣ tutra.

da yttusftay umyag nnes g wanaḍ. tettesmad s tmatart n wuẓuf (!)

Imedyatn:

Nker zikk ! 

Su aman ! = ! اشرب الماء

Ini mayd trid ! = ! قل ماذا تريد

les timelsa n tegrest !

mun d ides !

  1 ) tanaḍt tanalawt (affirmative):

 awra (addu d)

 rar taγdeft

 2 ) tanaḍt tanabawt (négative):

 anf ------- ad ur ttanf

 Imedyatn:

 B- Tibawt n twinest tanaḍant

Tawnaɣt / schéma:

Ad ur + Amyag + isem ...

 Imedyaten :

Ad ur tekcemt s ugens  !

Ad ur tsud aman-ad ! 

Ad ur teddut s tmdint !

 3 - tawinst taramyagt tasmawant (tawinst  taramyagt)" (phrase nominal,  جملة إسمية ) 

31- 

ku twinst, da gis yttili umyag d umeggay. da as nttini "tawinst taramyagt".

 imdyatn n twinst taramyagt:

 - ziri, iga aselmad n tmaziγt.

 - izza, tga taselmadt n tmaziγt.

 maca, g tmaziγt, llant twinas nna g ur ittili umyag. ttili g twinas ad yat tguri yaḍn am "d ".

anaw n twinst ad, da as nettini: "tawinst taramyagt".

 

 Imedyatn:

 - ziri, d aslemad n tmaziγt.

 - izza, d taslemadt n tmaziγt

tawnaɣt / schéma:

 Isem / Ameqqim  + d + Afris

Amedya :

  ===   Sifaw d aselmad

Sifaw: Isem 

d : Tazelɣa

aselmad: Afris 

 32-  Tibawt g twinest taramyagt 

Isem / Ameqqim + ur d + Afris / Isem / Ameqqim

Amedya :

 Sifaw ur d aselmad

Sifaw : Isem

Ur : تستخدم دائما للنفي

d : Tazelɣa 

aselmad: Afris  

 4 - tawinst tamyagant / tanamyagt  (phrase verbal,  جملة فعلية):

 A-

 Imedyatn:

- ziri, iga aselmad n tmaziγt.

 - izza, tega taselmadt n tmaziγt.

tawnaɣt / schéma:

Amyag g yat twila (الفعل في أحد المباني) + Izwiren d wuḍfiren (السوابق و اللواحق)

Amedya :

Iffeɣ Sifaw

Iffeɣ : i (Azwir) + ffeɣ (Amyag g twila n wusmid)

Sifaw : Ameggay 

Icca Maziɣ imensi . = . أكل مازيغ العشاء

 

B-  Tibawt n twinest tanamyagt

tawnaɣt / schéma:

      Ur + amyag + ...

 Amedya :

Ur swiɣ aman

Ur : أداة نفي

swiɣ:  (Amyag g wusmid anabaw)

aman: Asemmud n usekkin المفعول به

5 - Tawinest tanaẓaft الجملة التعجبية 

Tawnaɣt / schéma:

Mkad / Matta + Amyag / Isem

Imedyaten :

 Mkad iẓil ! 

 Matta twada-ad !

  Mkad izur !

6-  Tawinest tafadant; الجملة الشرطية

Tawnaɣt / schéma:

       Ig (إذا) / Mek (إن) + Amyag + Isem ...

=============================

Imedyaten :

Ig teddit zikk 

Mek dars idrimn

Ig tekcemt s tegemmi nnek 

Mek as tufit

7 -Tawinest tuddist;  الجملة المركبة 

Llan g twinest tuddist mennaw imyagen

Imedyaten :

Ittu awal lli as-nniɣ . = . نسي الكلام الذي قلتُه له

 Idda neɣ d ur iddi ? = ذهب أم لم يذهب ؟

 Tekcem-d , tasi memmis , teffeɣ . = . دخلت و أخذت ابنها ثم خرجت

 8 - Tawinst tasemmadt (phrase complétive,  جملة متممة ):

Isenfluln inu: 1 ) Tamazgha Flore : https://imghayn.blogspot.com/ 2) lmed tamaziɣt : https://sites.google.com/view/lmedtamazight https://tamazight-inw.blogspot.com/ 3) ⵍⵎⴻⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ : https://sites.google.com/view/lmed-tamazight  4) Apprendre tamazight  : https://sites.google.com/site/apprendretamazight

ⵥ ⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ / aɣul s tasna n usnubg ...