Amyag afrar (aḥerfi)/ le verbe simple :
1) Aẓɣʷr d ufeggag n umyag
ku amyag aḥerfi ar ittusudes seg uẓɣʷr d ufeggag.
a ) aẓɣʷr (aẓaṛ, aẓuṛ) / la racine:
igat yat tergalt neγ d kigan n tergalin, ar aγ ifekka tasila tasenamkt.
amedya:
" af " iga amyag, aẓaṛ nes igat " f "
" agm " iga amyaga, aẓuṛ nes igat " gm "
" iri " -------------------> r
" ru " -------------------> r
aẓaṛ ur γurs awd yan uslin anejrum, ur igi amyag ula ism
aẓɣʷr ar tkecm g tseqqult (vc, vcc;...) g llan iγriten afad (ḥma) ad ifek afeggag
b ) Afeggag / le radical:
afeggag igat uẓγeṛ d tseqqult
afeggag = aẓaṛ + taseqqult (iγriten)
agl = gl + vcc (a)
aday nra assefti n umyag ar nernu timitar timyaganin i ufeggag
eg tutlayt tamaziγt llan imyagen id bu yan usekkil (r, ru, iri), neγ id bu sin isekkilen (ns, gnu, agm), neγ id bu kṛaḍ isekkilen (lmed; seqsa), neγd id bu kuẓ n isekkilen (gemgem, derdem)
------> lmmud iga afeggag n "alemmud"
------> tlⴻmdⴻmt " win lmed "
------> lmad win " anelmad "
2) Anaḍ / impératif:
anaḍ izmer ad ittubḍu xef snat n talγiwin:
talγa tamyurant (tar uddis) d talγa ussid
a) Talγa tafrart / la forme simple:
ig nra a naf talγa tar uddis ar nternu timitar n wanaḍ i twila n urmir
talγa tar uddis= tawila n urmir + timitar n wanaḍ
Imedyaten:
ffeγ
ffeγat/ffeγm
ffeγamt/ffeγemt
b) talγa ussid/la forme intensive:
maca iγ nra a nessufγ talγa ussid ar netrnu timitar n wanaḍ i twila warusmid. Talγa ussid ar aγ tmal allas n tigawt:
talγa ussid = tawila n warusmid + timitar n wanaḍ
Imedyaten:
tteffeγ
tteffeγamt/tteffeγemt
ssawal
tteddu
deg tlγa n tanaḍt tanabawt ar nesmras talγa ussid s umata:
ur tteffeγ
ur keccem
ur tteddu
talγa n tanaḍt tanabwt iγ t itzwur "ad" ar tmla anamk n usediddiy:
ad ur teffeγ
ad ur teddu
3) Amyag d talγa tamyagant/ le verbe est le groupe verbal:
Nannay g tmsirin n tutlayt tamaziγt anawn n tguriwin, seg isnt ar ntafa " amyag "
ar ittili umyag g talγa tamagnut am (agm, agl, sawl) neγ d g talγa tanafuɣt am (ttwagm, ttwagl, mmeraren, mmeγran, ittuγra, ittwabdar)
g usurs n umyag amagnu neγ d amyag anafuγ ar ittufti umyag g kkuẓt n twila (thèmes):
a) urmir (aoriste): af, nes
b) usmid (accompli): inna, ran, munγ, ddan
c) usmid anabaw (accompli négatif): ur inni, ur rin, ur munγ, ur ddin
d) arusmid (inaccompli): ttefa, nnessa, ttini, tteddu
imyagen ar sn izeggur kra n twal yan seg tzelγiwin (particules) ad : ad, rad (sad, xad), da, la, aqqa (qa)
Tamawlt:
4) Timitar timyaganin / les désinences verbales:
g tjeṛṛumt n tutlayt tamaziγt ar neçli kṛaḍ n wanawn n tmitar timyaganin neγ d tamatart n wudem:
- timitar timyaganin n telγa taranaḍt / les désinences verbales de la forme non impérative
- timitar timyaganin n telγa tanaḍt / les désinences verbales de la frome impérative
- timitar timyaganin n telγa n umaγun / les désinences verbales de la forme participiale
a) timitar timyaganin n telγa taranaḍt / les désinences verbales de la forme non impérative
timitar a ar t nettrnu i yemyagen ittusftin g tiwal:
urmir d usmid d wusmid anabaw d warusmid.
timitar ad ar zggurent i umyag (izwiren) neγ d ar ḍeffuṛnt i umyag (uḍfiṛn):
- kra n tmitar timyaganin daresnt timzarayin : " γ " ar tegga " x " neγ " ḥ "
- " t...d " ar tegga " t...t " (teddid: teddit)
- " i " ar tegga " y " (i... iwi: yiwi)
- t...mt ar tegga t...nt
b) timitar timyaganin n telγa tanaḍt / les désinences verbales de la frome impérative
timitar timyaganin n telγa tanaḍt ar ten sseḍfuṛ i ufeggag amyagan
Adday izedi umsiwel ixef nes s tigawt nna smsasa i umeslsiwl ar nternu ameqqim aγ (anγ) i talγa tanaḍt: ffeγ aγ= sortons (toi et moi)
c) Timitar timyagin n telγa n umaγun/ les désinences verbales de la forme participiale:
Talγa n umaγun ar ttussemras g imnaḍen ad:
*) tasumert tamaqqant:
tarbat lli ifulkin ur tmeẓẓiy: la fille qui étant belle n'est pas petite
*) tasumert tasmessit:
aselmad nes ay d iddan: leur professeur qui est allé
*) tawinest taseqsayt (mek izwar umeggay):
wi iγran ? : qui étant lu?
==> talγa n umaγun dars yat tmatart tamyagant:
i...n ---> iffeγ - iddan - iraḥn
tamatart i...n ar t ntegga g ku tiwal aslid n twila n urmir mi izwur "ra"; ar as ntrnu " y...n " (yudfen)
tawila urmir ar as nzwur γa_a γa (argaz i γan iddun)
aday tili telγa n umaγun g umagut (asget) ar as ntegga " ...nin " :
aselmad iffeγen --- islmaden ffeγnin
