ⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵔⵉⵚⵏ / Anawn n iḍriṣn

 

Anawn n iḍriṣn / ⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵔⵉⵚⵏ

Anawn n iḍṛiṣn :

llan tam n wanawn ni iḍriṣn:

- aḍriṣ asneɣmas

- aḍriṣ ameskan

- aḍriṣ asnummal

- aḍriṣ amallas

- aḍriṣ amdyaz

- aḍriṣ amssfraw

- aḍriṣ amssnẓay

- aḍriṣ n tmgradt (tamsart n ku yass)

1- aḍriṣ asneɣmas :

da yakka uḍṛiṣ asneɣmas inɣmisn ifrarayn. anɣmas afraray, netta, d mani da ittini max d mamx. isuɣad n aḍṛiṣ asnɣmas, nitni d:

- tussena n ma ijran

- armas nnes

aḍriṣ asnɣmas, netta d tamararut xf isqsitn: 

matta? min? man? da ittals xf ma ijran. s man aya, nettaf gis tiguriwin n umsḍefr, am:

dffir, dat, ilemma, awarni, uca; da yettals uḍṛiṣ asnɣmas xf usnetl d tṣḍwin nnes. da d ittas zund tamrarut xf usqsi. am umdya ad:

aseqsi: "mani ttawḍent tneqqiḍin n unɛaṛ? "

tamrarut: ttawḍent tneqqiḍin g tnzruft sadu n 100 n id milimitr g useggʷas. g yeẓẓelmeḍ, ttawḍent ar 500 n id milimitr. maca, xmi ikkat udfel xf tqiccatin n idurar, ttili aṭṭaṣ n waman, ttehnucurn imuzzar, ttecurn iglemamn d iɣẓran. xmi ur iccit, ttilin drus n waman; g tenzruft, ttedrusn aṭṭaṣ.

2- aḍriṣ ameskan :

da immal uḍriṣ amsekan i imɣri mamk ɣa igg kra n usekkin. afad ad yawḍ ɣr isuɣad nes; da issemras uḍṛiṣ amsekan timlmadin d tnemmalin d imnadn.

llan kigan n wanawn n iḍṛiṣn imeskann, zund:

tifrtin n tiram n wuči d uswuri n yimassen d ilgamn n wurar.

3- aḍriṣ asnummal :

da isawal uḍṛiṣ asnummal xf isekkin d idɣarn d iwrikn ḥma ad isml mimk gan uwlaf d tifras nnesn.

uḍṛiṣ asnummal, da issemras tiguriwin nna da isrusn isekkin g idɣarn nnes. ayad xf mi da gis ttilint tguriwin nna ismaln idɣarn, zund: 

tama, ig, sennj, iggi, afella, sadu, ddaw,...

4- aḍriṣ amallas :

da d ittawi uḍṛiṣ amallas xf tnfust d ifṛḍiṣn, zund: 

timsarin d iwrikn d tgawin d usnefl nnesn g wakud d udɣar.

da yettebdad uḍṛiṣ amallas xf smmus n trsal:

mata/ ma/ min? ma ay ms? / wi iga?/ mad iga? milmi/ managu? mani? max/ maymmi?

da yessemras uḍriṣ ad tiguriwin n umṣeḍfer g wakud, am:

g umzwaru, g umeggaru, day/ ilemma, ar, awarni/ ḍaṛt, llinna/ ɣ akud ann, rxdenni, deffir...

5- aḍriṣ amdyaz :

aḍriṣ amedyaz, netta d izli. gis urar s wawal d tẓuṛi nnes. da yesneflul tiɣawsiwin d imaḍaln s tguriwin. tiguriwin ad, da snaynt inumak iɣudan, da yettili ɣursent atig i umslay tlalayt.

ku aḍriṣ amdyaz, da gis ttilint tiwan. ku azlawi, da issudus izlan nnes s mamk ira. illa ma ay tn ibṭṭun xf snat n tfulin, illa ma ay tn ibeṭṭun xf ugar. illa wi tarin izli tiwnt deffir i tiwnt sg umzwaru ar ameggaru.

6- aḍriṣ amessefraw :

da yesawal uḍṛiṣ amessefraw xf isekkin ḥma ad yini ma imsarn. da yetterar xf isqsitn : max? d mamk?

amedya: aswuri i imassen d inagrawn.

tussena nna d ittawi udṛiṣ amessefraw tga tusdidt. da tessawal xf tfulin d tmɣurin gratsen. tussena ad am da ttasa sg wenna issen ɣr wenna iran ad issen.

afad ad issefru asekkin, da yessemras udṛiṣ ad aswuri nnes s tmɣunin nger umntil d umessaru nnes.

7- aḍriṣ amessenẓay :

adṛiṣ amessenẓay da yerrezzu d isbedd amnad s inẓatn ḥma ad imun wnnänin g umnad nnes. amnad, d d tawngimt nna ira umsneẓay ad tt izzeri, afad ad tt iṭṭef wayyaḍ.

8- aḍriṣ n tmegradt (tamsart n ku yass) :

Isenfluln inu: 1 ) Tamazgha Flore : https://imghayn.blogspot.com/ 2) lmed tamaziɣt : https://sites.google.com/view/lmedtamazight https://tamazight-inw.blogspot.com/ 3) ⵍⵎⴻⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ : https://sites.google.com/view/lmed-tamazight  4) Apprendre tamazight  : https://sites.google.com/site/apprendretamazight

ⵥ ⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ / aɣul s tasna n usnubg ...

Tiwalatin n imyagn / Thèmes des verbes

Tiwalatin n imyagn / les thèmes verbales:

G tmaziγt , 4 isekkiren n imeẓṛa (4 modalités aspectuelles) ayd illan g usefti n umyag:

 ==> tawila urmir (waratig) / l'aoriste ( صيغة مجردة)

 ==> tawila usmid ufrir ( analaw) / l'accompli positif

 ==> tawila usmid anabaw /l'accompli négatif ( تام منفي)

 ==>  tawila arusmid / le thème de l'inaccompli ( غير تام)

  *) amedya n usefti n umyag  " kcem, entrer " g wurmir

  1- tawila urmir (waratig) / l'aoriste:

 talγa n twila urmir tga am telγa n ufeggag g udem wis sin n telγa n wanaḍ

 amedya: zri, ddu, awi, γer, su, ...

 *) urmir iga talγa n tsila nna seg ittussufγ tiwal yaḍnin; tawila urmir ar ittussemras d tzelγa ad (rad, a, ra)

 tawila urmir + ad = azal n yimal:

  ad iddu

  ad iγer

  ad isiwl

  *) maca g umnaḍ n wallas ar nessemras tawila n urmir war tazelγa ad:

  ad yack uselmad γer tinmel; iẓeṛ ilugen n inelmaden; yaru g tfelwit

2 - Tawila n usmid ufrir ( analaw) / l'accompli positif:

Tawila n usmid ar imla asmad n tigawt. iγ nra a nessefti amyag g usmid ar as tegga timitar imyagen n telγa taranaḍt.

llan kra n imyagen ar tegga twila n usmid am tin urmir .

3- Tawila usmid anabaw / l'accompli négatif:

 Tawila n wusmid anabaw tga amzaray n wusmid ufrir.

 ar ittussemras aday ittuḍfeṛ s tzelγa tanabawt " ur ". Tifrist tagejdant n twila n wusmid anabaw tga-t tmerniwt n uγri " i " dat neγ-d ḍart n tergalt n ufeggag n kra n imyagen.

4 - Tawila n warusmid / le thème de l'inaccompli:

 Tawila n warusmid ar aγ imla tamsart neγ tigawt nna ur ismidn. ar as nettini awd tawila ussid.

 arusmid ittussufγ seg twila n wurmir adday as nernu:

 *) azwir n " tt ":

Tamawalt: 

ɣef wakken n tesnirmt n L.Galang; id kkuẓ n tiwal n imyagn g tutlayt tamaziɣt ttufkan g yan unmala:

Tawila urmir (waratig); tawila usmid ufrir ( analaw) ; tawila usmid anabaw ; tawila arusmid

Amedya n tiwal n yimyagn:

Tafelwit n tiwal n imyagn

Isenfluln inu: 1 ) Tamazgha Flore : https://imghayn.blogspot.com/ 2) lmed tamaziɣt : https://sites.google.com/view/lmedtamazight https://tamazight-inw.blogspot.com/ 3) ⵍⵎⴻⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ : https://sites.google.com/view/lmed-tamazight  4) Apprendre tamazight  : https://sites.google.com/site/apprendretamazight

ⵥ ⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ / aɣul s tasna n usnubg ...

ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ / Imqqimn / Pronoms

ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ / Imeqqimen

Pronoms / الضمائر 

ⵜⴰⵣⵡⴰⵔⵜ / Tazwart:

ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴼⵔⴹⵉⵙ ⵉⵎⴻⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⴼ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴹⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴻⴽⵓⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ, ⴷⵉ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ:

Ameqqim iga afrḍiṣ imekkisi n yism nγ d tadla n ismawn, iga assanf ḥma ad ur ittili wallas n ufrḍiṣ nna ittekusa g twinst, di tutlayt tamaziγt llan :

    1 ) ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ / Imqqimn udmawann / les pronoms personnels ; 

        1.1 - ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵏ / Les pronoms personnels autonomes   ===>

       1.2- ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⵖⵏ / Les pronoms personnels affixes

             ⵣⵣ Les pronoms personnels affixes sujet / Imqqimn udmawann usliɣn n umggay    ===>

             ⵣⵣ  Les pronoms personnels affixes objet: 

•       Les pronoms personnels affixes complément d’objet direct (c.o.d) / Imqqimn udmawann usliɣn n usemmud n uskkin usrid;  الضمائر الشخصية اللاصقة التي تعبر عن المفعول به (المباشرة)    ===>
•         Les pronoms personnels affixes complément d’objet indirect (C.O.I) / Imqqimn udmawann usliɣn n usemmud n uskkin arusrid    ===>

            ⵣⵣ Les pronoms affixes complément déterminatif de nom / imqqimn usliɣn n usemmud amẓlay n yism / الضمائر المتصلة بالإسم ; ضمائر المفعول المُحَدِّدة للإسم     ===>

           ⵣⵣ Pronoms objet du nom de parenté/ Imeqqimn n ismawn n wamas  (timmarewt) / ضمائر أسماء القرابة   ===>

          ⵣⵣ Les pronoms affixes complément de préposition ; Imqqimn usliɣn n usmmud anzɣan    ===>

2) les pronoms possessifs ; Imqqimn imilann (n tilit) ; ضمائر الملكية ===> 3) les pronoms démonstratifs ; Imqqimn imeskann; أسماء الإشارة ===> 4) les pronoms interrogatifs ; tizelγa n useqsi (imurfimn isqsayn) ; أدوات الاِستفهام والاِستفسار ===> 5) les pronoms indéfinis / Imeqqimn arunmiln / صفات وضمائر نكرة ===>

ⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥⵥ

ⵥⵥ  ⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ / aɣul s tasna n usnubg / Accueil ...

Amyag afrar

Amyag afrar (aḥerfi)/ le verbe simple :

1) Aẓɣʷr d ufeggag n umyag

ku amyag aḥerfi ar ittusudes seg uẓɣʷr d ufeggag.

a )   aẓɣʷr (aẓaṛ, aẓuṛ) / la racine:

 igat yat tergalt neγ d kigan n tergalin, ar aγ ifekka tasila tasenamkt.

 amedya:

 " af " iga amyag, aẓaṛ nes igat " f "

 " agm "  iga amyaga, aẓuṛ nes igat " gm "

 " iri " -------------------> r

 " ru " -------------------> r

 aẓaṛ ur γurs awd yan uslin anejrum, ur igi amyag ula ism

 aẓɣʷr ar tkecm g tseqqult (vc, vcc;...) g llan iγriten afad (ḥma) ad ifek afeggag

 b )   Afeggag / le radical:

 afeggag igat uẓγeṛ d tseqqult

 afeggag = aẓaṛ + taseqqult (iγriten)

 agl = gl + vcc (a)

 aday nra assefti  n umyag ar nernu timitar timyaganin i ufeggag

eg tutlayt tamaziγt llan imyagen id bu yan usekkil (r, ru, iri), neγ id bu sin isekkilen (ns, gnu, agm), neγ id bu kṛaḍ isekkilen (lmed; seqsa), neγd id bu kuẓ n isekkilen (gemgem, derdem)

 ------> lmmud iga afeggag n "alemmud"

 ------> tlⴻmdⴻmt  " win lmed "

 ------> lmad win " anelmad "

2)     Anaḍ / impératif:

anaḍ izmer ad ittubḍu xef snat n talγiwin:

 talγa tamyurant (tar uddis) d talγa ussid

 a)   Talγa tafrart / la forme simple:

 ig nra a naf talγa tar uddis ar nternu timitar n wanaḍ i twila n urmir

 talγa tar uddis= tawila n urmir + timitar n wanaḍ

 

 Imedyaten:

ffeγ

ffeγat/ffeγm

ffeγamt/ffeγemt

 b)  talγa ussid/la forme intensive:

maca iγ nra a nessufγ talγa ussid ar netrnu timitar n wanaḍ i twila warusmid. Talγa ussid ar aγ tmal allas n tigawt:

talγa ussid = tawila n warusmid + timitar n wanaḍ

Imedyaten:

tteffeγ

tteffeγamt/tteffeγemt

ssawal

tteddu

deg tlγa n tanaḍt tanabawt ar nesmras talγa ussid s umata:

ur tteffeγ

ur keccem

ur tteddu

talγa n tanaḍt tanabwt iγ t itzwur "ad" ar tmla anamk n usediddiy:

ad ur teffeγ

ad ur teddu  

3) Amyag d talγa tamyagant/ le verbe est le groupe verbal:

Nannay g tmsirin n tutlayt tamaziγt anawn n tguriwin, seg isnt ar ntafa " amyag "

 ar ittili umyag g talγa tamagnut am (agm, agl, sawl) neγ d g talγa tanafuɣt am (ttwagm, ttwagl, mmeraren, mmeγran, ittuγra,  ittwabdar)

 g usurs n umyag amagnu neγ d amyag anafuγ ar ittufti umyag g kkuẓt n twila (thèmes):

 a) urmir (aoriste):      af, nes

 b) usmid (accompli):  inna, ran, munγ, ddan

 c) usmid anabaw (accompli négatif): ur inni, ur rin, ur munγ, ur ddin

 d) arusmid (inaccompli): ttefa, nnessa, ttini, tteddu

imyagen ar sn izeggur kra n twal yan seg tzelγiwin (particules) ad : ad, rad (sad, xad), da, la, aqqa (qa)

Tamawlt:

4)  Timitar timyaganin / les désinences verbales:

g tjeṛṛumt n tutlayt tamaziγt ar neçli kṛaḍ n wanawn n tmitar timyaganin neγ d tamatart  n wudem:

 - timitar timyaganin n telγa taranaḍt / les désinences verbales de la forme non impérative

 - timitar timyaganin n telγa tanaḍt / les désinences verbales de la frome impérative

 - timitar timyaganin n telγa n umaγun / les désinences verbales de la forme participiale

 a)  timitar timyaganin n telγa taranaḍt / les désinences verbales de la forme non impérative

  timitar a ar t nettrnu i yemyagen ittusftin g tiwal:

  urmir d usmid d wusmid anabaw d warusmid.

 timitar ad ar zggurent i umyag (izwiren) neγ d ar ḍeffuṛnt i umyag (uḍfiṛn):

-  kra n tmitar timyaganin daresnt timzarayin : " γ " ar tegga " x " neγ " ḥ "

 - " t...d " ar tegga " t...t "  (teddid: teddit)

 - " i " ar tegga " y "  (i...  iwi: yiwi)

 - t...mt ar tegga  t...nt

b) timitar timyaganin n telγa tanaḍt / les désinences verbales de la frome impérative

 timitar timyaganin n telγa tanaḍt ar ten sseḍfuṛ i ufeggag amyagan

 Adday izedi umsiwel ixef nes s tigawt nna smsasa i umeslsiwl ar nternu ameqqim   aγ (anγ) i talγa tanaḍt: ffeγ aγ= sortons (toi et moi)

c) Timitar timyagin n telγa n umaγun/ les désinences verbales de la forme participiale:

 Talγa n umaγun ar ttussemras g imnaḍen ad:

   *) tasumert tamaqqant:

tarbat lli ifulkin ur tmeẓẓiy: la fille qui étant belle n'est pas petite

  *) tasumert tasmessit:

 aselmad nes ay d iddan: leur professeur qui est allé

  *) tawinest taseqsayt (mek izwar umeggay):

 wi iγran ? : qui étant lu?

   ==> talγa n umaγun dars yat tmatart tamyagant:

 i...n ---> iffeγ - iddan - iraḥn

tamatart i...n ar t ntegga g ku tiwal aslid n twila n urmir mi izwur "ra"; ar as ntrnu " y...n " (yudfen)

tawila urmir ar as nzwur γa_a γa (argaz i γan iddun)

aday tili telγa n umaγun g umagut (asget) ar as ntegga " ...nin " :

aselmad iffeγen --- islmaden ffeγnin

ⵥ ⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ / aɣul s tasna n usnubg ...

Isenfluln inu: 1 ) Tamazgha Flore : https://imghayn.blogspot.com/ 2) lmed tamaziɣt : https://sites.google.com/view/lmedtamazight https://tamazight-inw.blogspot.com/ 3) ⵍⵎⴻⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ : https://sites.google.com/view/lmed-tamazight  4) Apprendre tamazight  : https://sites.google.com/site/apprendretamazight